1 50 8 https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/6587d0ecad830407e2dfbb1520f4d782.JPG ca7a92629bf1ab0f2dc1c6a9317b7224 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Cave of the Letters Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Judaean Desert Land of Israel Reference Reference to the relevant LOI section. Bar Kokhba Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. Bar Kokhba letters Location City City where the image is located. Cave of Letters Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cave of the Letters: Bar Kokhba letter Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 290_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This image shows an ancient manuscript with Hebrew writing from the 2nd century CE. This document, along with others, were found in the “Cave of Letters,” located in Nahal Hever, a canyon near the Dead Sea. In total, about 14 letters were sent from Simeon Bar Kokhba, a messianic leader of the Jewish rebels against Rome, to his commanders stationed north at Ein Gedi. They demanded the confiscation of grain from nearby farmers and threatened to punish anyone who did not obey. Another 35 documents belong to the “archive of Babatha,” a prominent Jewish woman who owned land and slaves. This all took place during the Second Jewish War with Rome—known as the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135 CE)—when Jewish fighters hid these documents in caves. They hoped to retrieve them later. The letters comprise military correspondences, real estate contracts, legal records, and religious texts. They remained buried for almost 2000 years until they were discovered in the 1950s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0132-01-01/0135-01-01 Egypt Geography Red Sea Satellite photograph Sinai Peninsula https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/5dd33cc020b6d67412e0be113a9de327.JPG 3118b1922441a6afe380d101374e4355 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Jerusalem Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Israel/Palestine Land of Israel Reference Reference to the relevant LOI section. {Bar Kokhba} Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. Bar Kokhba coins Location City City where the image is located. Jerusalem Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jerusalem: Bar Kokhba coins Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 289_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource Currency was issued by Jews during the Bar Kokhba Revolt, the Second Jewish War with Rome (132–135 CE). In the ancient world, minting your own money was a statement of political autonomy. It symbolized open rebellion if one group was subordinate to another. Many of the Bar Kokhba coins were also “overstruck,” which means that original Roman coins were effaced, and re-struck with Jewish symbols. This was another act of rebellion. Roman deities and kings were filed off and replaced with the Temple or the Ark of the Covenant. In the coin pictured here, two trumpets are surrounded by the inscription “For the Freedom of Jerusalem.” A harp appears on the opposite side, and reads “Year Two of the Freedom of Israel.” The coin was probably struck in 134 CE, two years after the beginning of the revolt. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0132-01-01/0135-01-01 Egypt Geography Red Sea Satellite photograph Sinai Peninsula https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/e6ae749766c56007e0df708be58ee19d.JPG 064b0a6376b1b28fafbbaf5d5dfddf96 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Jerusalem Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Israel Location City City where the image is located. Jerusalem Location In City Location in the city where the image is located. The Old City Chronology Historical Historical period. Roman, Byzantine, Crusader, Mamluk, Ottoman, Mandate, Present Chronology Archaeological Archaeological period. {Roman Period}{Byzantine Period}{Crusader Period}{Mamluk}{Ottoman Period}{Mandate}{Present} Glossary Terms Terms for use with rollover glossary. Hadrian Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. Ecce Homo Arch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jerusalem: Ecce Homo Arch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 293_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This picture shows the Ecce Homo arch, which was the large central arch of Hadrian's east forum. It stands over the Via Dolorosa in the Old City of Jerusalem outside the Sisters of Zion Convent. Note how more modern buildings have been built around and on top of it and have incorporated the arch into their architecture. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0117-01-01/2000-01-01 Aelia Capitolina Hadrian Jerusalem Roman https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/0f5cb81d7f237282ce9071ef14b2543a.JPG c52cb24127ecd2229ad07c05c0845c7b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Jerusalem Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Israel Location City City where the image is located. Jerusalem Location In City Location in the city where the image is located. The Old City Chronology Historical Historical period. Ottoman Chronology Archaeological Archaeological period. {Ottoman Period} Glossary Terms Terms for use with rollover glossary. Hadrian Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. Lithograph of Hadrianic Arch (the Ecce Homo Arch) Micro Slide Show on closest map zoom elevation. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jerusalem: Lithograph of the Ecce Homo Arch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 294_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This 19th century lithograph shows two of three arches (there would have been another small arch on the right side of the large arch), which is typical of arches built during Hadrian's time. Arches built during Herod's time were typically double arches. In addition, the northern pier of the arch was found to sit on bedrock, with pavement running up against it (so the pavement must have been laid after the arch was built) and the pavement was found to have also lie directly over a huge cistern that Josephus said was open at the time of the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. So the arch must have been built afterwards. The conclusion? This lithograph depicts the arch that Hadrian built; some scholars believe it led to the east forum of the city. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1800-01-01/1900-01-01 Aelia Capitolina Hadrian Jerusalem Roman https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/9d0667a2aa27e2ec3ce51fa5478167b5.jpg 63487843d4230b046f96860ba08472a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Italy Location City City where the image is located. Rome Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman Description An account of the resource This image shows the famous Colosseum of Rome. It was built by Vespasian and Titus (70–80 CE) and reflects their efforts to elevate the imperial profile of the Flavian Dynasty. At the center of the Colosseum, a retractable floor once covered an intricate labyrinth of corridors and rooms. These stored lions, bears, gladiators, and weapons. To build the Colosseum was extremely expensive. It was funded by the slave auction of the Jewish captives from the Great Revolt against Rome in Judaea (66–70 CE). https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/6a6156c0ac7c6dc613f74792ebc2bf2f.JPG 176fdc44ad8fda8fc889e1fb65219b52 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Rome Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Italy Location City City where the image is located. Rome Chronology Historical Historical period. Roman Chronology Archaeological Archaeological period. {Early Roman Period} Glossary Terms Terms for use with rollover glossary. Vespasian Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. Latin Inscription on a Bronze Coin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rome: Judaea Capta coin Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 286_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This bronze coin, which was minted in Rome in 71 CE after the Romans captured Jerusalem, features the profile of the Emperor Vespasian on the recto (left), and, on the verso (right), a Roman soldier standing over a mourning woman who symbolizes the defeated Judaea. Between them is a palm tree. The inscription around these two figures reads IUDEA CAPTA, Latin for 'captured Judaea.' Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0071-01-01 Coin Jewish War Latin insription Rome https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/af6c41612d456401acd35aeb830b9331.JPG 759e12a3c66dc36287d4158fad1e75cb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Rome Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Italy Location City City where the image is located. Rome Chronology Historical Historical period. Roman Chronology Archaeological Archaeological period. {Roman Period} Glossary Terms Terms for use with rollover glossary. Titus Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. The Arch of Titus - detail of the interior Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rome: The Arch of Titus - detail of the interior Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 288_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This photograph shows details of the relief carving under the Arch of Titus, located near the eastern entrance to the Forum in Rome. The arch was erected by emperor Domitian, Titus' brother, to honor and commemorate the defeat of the Jews and the capture and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Depicted on the relief is the triumphal procession after Titus' return to Rome, which included the golden menorah and other implements that were taken from the Temple. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0070-01-01 Arch of Titus Jerusalem Menorah Roman Rome Temple https://image-database.nes.lsa.umich.edu/files/original/f54f5fb1ae37cdb66082efe2c879dcac.JPG 30e84390f257db975f3754f1ac2dffad Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Roman I Subject The topic of the resource Late Roman I Description An account of the resource Late Roman I Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Lecture Name of the course lecture the image belongs to. Late Roman Location Description Description of the image's location. Rome Location Modern Country Modern country where the image is located. Italy Location City City where the image is located. Rome Chronology Historical Historical period. Roman Chronology Archaeological Archaeological period. {Roman Period} Glossary Terms Terms for use with rollover glossary. Titus Google Earth Title Title suitable for display on Google Maps/Earth. The Arch of Titus - overview Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rome: The Arch of Titus - overview Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 287_LR1.jpg Description An account of the resource This photograph shows the Arch of Titus, which was erected near the eastern entrance to the Forum of the city of Rome to commemorate Titus's defeat of the Jews and the taking of Jerusalem in 70 CE. The inscription at the top reads 'The Roman Senate and People (dedicate this) to the divine Titus Vespasianus Augustus, son of the divine Vespasian.' Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0070-01-01 Arch of Titus Jerusalem Menorah Roman Rome Temple